The default location is $HOME/.jdeveloper/
ide.user.dir.var = JDEV_USER_HOME,JDEV_USER_DIR
ide.user.dir = <your_desired_location>
ie.
ide.user.dir = /opt/mw/jdeveloper/12.2.1.4/user_home
Make sure the directory already exists!
The directories and files used by JDeveloper for many things (SqlHistory, tmp, CodeTemplate.xml), including the system directory (ie. system12.2.1.4.42.190911.2248) will be created here. And under system directory (besides many of JDeveloper modules directories) there is DefaultDomain directory, where the IntegratedWebLogic’s domain lives.
My jdev.boot file contains:
...
...
#
# The ide.user.dir.var specifies the name of the environment variable
# that points to the root directory for user files. The system and
# mywork directories will be created there. If not defined, the IDE
# product will use its base directory as the user directory.
#
ide.user.dir = /opt/mw/jdeveloper/12.2.1.4.0/user_home
#ide.user.dir.var = JDEV_USER_HOME,JDEV_USER_DIR
...
...